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description the adns- 3090 is a high performance addition to pixart imaging popular adns family of optical mouse sensors. the ADNS-3090 is based on a new, faster architecture with improved navigation. the sensor is capable of sensing high speed mouse motion - up to 60 inches per second and acceleration up to 20g C for increased user precision and smoothness. the ADNS-3090 along with the adns-2120-001 trim lens, adns-2220-001 assembly clip and hlmp-eg3e-xxxxx led form a complete, compact optical mouse tracking system. there are no moving parts, which means high reliability and less maintenance for the end user. in addition, precision optical alignment is not required, facilitating high volume assembly. the sensor is programmed via registers through a four-wire serial port. it is packaged in a 20-pin staggered dual inline package (dip). theory of operation the ADNS-3090 is based on optical navigation technol- ogy, which measures changes in position by optically acquiring sequential surface images (frames) and math- ematically determining the direction and magnitude of movement. it contains an image acquisition system (ias), a digital signal processor (dsp), and a four-wire serial port. the ias acquires microscopic surface images via the lens and illumination system. these images are processed by the dsp to determine the direction and distance of motion. the dsp calculates the x and y relative dis- placement values. an external microcontroller reads the x and y informa- tion from the sensor serial port. the microcontroller then translates the data into ps2 or usb signals before sending them to the host pc or game console. features ? high speed motion detection C up to 60 ips and 20g ? enhanced architecture for greatly improved optical navigation technology ? programmable frame rate over 6400 frames per second ? smartspeed self-adjusting frame rate for optimum performance ? serial port burst mode for fast data transfer ? 1800 cpi or 36 00 cpi selectable resolution ? single 3.3 volt power supply ? four-wire serial port along with chip select, power down, and reset pins applications ? mice for game consoles and computer games ? mice for desktop pcs, workstations, and portable pcs ? trackballs ? integrated input devices ADNS-3090 high-performance optical mouse sensor data sheet all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. 1 pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw
2 pinout pin name description 1 ncs chip select (active low input) 2 miso serial data output (master in/slave out) 3 sclk serial clock input 4 mosi serial data input (master out/slave in) 5 led_ctrl led control output 6 reset reset input 7 npd power down (active low input) 8 osc_out oscillator output 9 guard oscillator gnd for pcb guard (optional) 10 osc_in oscillator input 11 nc no connect 12 optp connect to vdd3 13 refc reference capacitor 14 refb reference capacitor 15 vdd3 supply voltage 16 gnd ground 17 vdd3 supply voltage 18 nc no connect 19 gnd ground 20 nc no connect figure 1. package outline drawing (top view) item marking remarks product number a3090 date code xyywwz x = subcon code yyww = date code z = sensor die source lot code vvv numeric 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 product number date code lot code pix a rt imaging inc. ADNS-3090 high-performance optical mouse sensor all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw
3 figure 2. package outline drawing caution: it is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by esd. section a-a (3.67) 0.144 1.82 0.03 0.071 0.001 ( 1.5 ~ draft) a a pin #1 6.025 0.237 4.55 0.179 7.28 0.03 0.287 0.001 13.38 0.527 ? 5.60 0.03 0.220 0.001 ? 1.05 0.03 0.041 0.001 lead width 0.50 0.020 22.30 0.878 (1.21) 0.048 (4.86) 0.191 lead offset 1.00 0.039 lead pitch 2.00 0.079 chamfer 0.3 0.012 kapton tape 9.10 0.358 12.85 (at shoulder) 0.506 (6.43) 0.253 0.25 0.010 0.99 0.039 3.18 0.125 7.05 0.278 12.85 0.74 (at lead tip) 0.506 0.029 2.25 0.03 0.089 0.001 90 3q features for illustration only lot code product number date code pin #1 notes: 1. dimensions in millimeters / inches. 2. dimensional tolerance: 0.1mm. 3. coplanarity of leads: 0.1mm. 4. lead pitch tolerance: 0.15mm. 5. non-cumulative pitch tolerance: 0.15mm. 6. angular tolerance: 3.0q 7. maximum flash: 0.2mm. 8. chamfer (25 x 2) on the taper side of the lead. 9. () these dimensions are for reference only and should not be used to mechanically reference the sensor. 10. document number: led_spts_20a_pkg_001. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. ADNS-3090 high-performance optical mouse sensor
4 surface at the optimum angle. features on the lens align it to the sensor, base plate, and clip with the led. the lens also has a large round fl ange to provide a long creepage path for any esd events that occur at the opening of the base plate. the adns-2220-001 clip holds the led in relation to the lens. the led must be inserted into the clip and the leds leads formed prior to loading on the pcb. the clip interlocks the sensor to the lens, and through the lens to the alignment features on the base plate. the hlmp-eg3e-xxxxx led is recommended for illumina- tion. if used with the bin table, suffi cient illumination can be guaranteed. figure 3. recommended pcb mechanical cutouts and spacing 2d assembly drawing of ADNS-3090 shown with adns-2120-001, adns-2220-001 and hlmp- eg3e-xxxxx. pixart imaging provides an iges fi le drawing de- scribing the base plate molding features for lens and pcb alignment. the components interlock as they are mounted onto defi ned features on the base plate. the ADNS-3090 sensor is designed for mounting on a through hole pcb, looking down. there is an aperture stop and features on the package that align to the lens. the adns-2120-001 trim lens provides optics for the imaging of the surface as well as illumination of the overview of optical mouse sensor assembly 2x ? dimensions in millimeters / inches 43.13 1.698 42.53 1.674 39.06 1.538 3.55 0.140 1.50 0.059 12.60 0.496 11.38 0.448 1.28 0.050 20x ? 0.80 0.031 0 1.22 0.048 3.22 0.127 15.88 0.625 13.88 0.546 7.60 0.299 5.06 0.199 1.00 0.039 28.13 1.107 29.50 1.161 recommended clear zone 0 all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. ADNS-3090 high-performance optical mouse sensor
5 figure 4. 2d assembly drawing of ADNS-3090 (top and side view) note: these new pixart imaging optical mouse sensors, lenses and clips have diff erent physical confi gurations that require a diff erent pcb mounting method to optimize the navigation performance. refer application notes an 5035 for further information. 43.96 1.731 gap between sensor lead and lens gate dimensions in millimeters / inches top of pcb to top of lens flange top of pcb to top of lens gate base plate alignment post plastic spring sensor clip surface pcb bottom of sensor to top of pcb 16.61 0.654 12.61 0.496 7.45 0.293 0.119 0.005 3.75 0.148 15.90 0.626 3.00 0.118 19.10 0.752 base plate 1.98 0.078 all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i nc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
6 pcb assembly considerations figure 5. exploded view drawing 1. insert the sensor and all other electrical components into pcb. 2. insert the led into the assembly clip and bend the leads 90 degrees. 3. insert the led/clip assembly into pcb. 4. this sensor package is only qualifi ed for wave-solder process. 5. wave solder the entire assembly in a no-wash solder process utilizing solder fi xture. the solder fi xture is needed to protect the sensor during the solder pro- cess. it also sets the correct sensor-to -pcb distance as the lead shoulders do not normally rest on the pcb surface. the fi xture should be designed to expose the sensor leads to solder while shielding the optical aperture from direct solder contact. figure 6. block diagram of ADNS-3090 optical mouse sensor image processor reference voltage filter node 3.3 v power refb refc gnd resonator osc_in osc_out mosi ncs sclk optp v dd3 miso led_ctrl reset npd voltage regulator and power control serial port ctrl oscillator 6. place the lens onto the base plate. 7. remove the protective kapton tape from optical ap- erture of the sensor. care must be taken to keep con- taminants from entering the aperture. during mouse assembly process, it is recommended that the pcb is held vertically when kapton tapes are being removed. 8. insert pcb assembly over the lens onto the base plate aligning post to retain pcb assembly. the sensor ap- erture ring should self-align to the lens. 9. the optical position reference for the pcb is set by the base plate and lens. note that the pcb motion due to button presses must be minimized to maintain optical alignment. 10. install mouse top case. there must be a feature in the top case to press down hlmp-eg3e-xxxxx (led) adns-2220-001 (clip) ADNS-3090 (sensor) customer supplied pcb adns-2120-001 (trim lens) customer supplied base plate with recommended alignment features per iges drawing. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagin g inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
7 figure 7. cross section of pcb assembly design considerations for improving esd performance the fl ange on the lens has been designed to increase the creepage and clearance distance for electro- static discharge. the table below shows typical values assuming base plate construction per the pixart imaging supplied iges fi le and adns-2120-001 fl ange. for improved esd performance, the lens fl ange can be sealed (i.e. glued) to the base plate. note that the lens material is polycarbonate and therefore, cyanoacrylate based adhesives or other adhesives that may damage the lens should not be used. typical distance millimeters creepage 16.0 clearance 2.1 clip led pcb sensor lens/light pipe surface base plate all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagin g inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
8 figure 8. schematic diagram for usb, ps/2 mouse application with ADNS-3090 notes 1. caps for pins 15 and 17 must have trace lengths less than 5 mm to nearest ground pin. 2. pins 15 and 17 caps must use pin 16 gnd. 3. pin 9, if used, should not be connected to pcb gnd to reduce potential rf emissions. 4. the 0.1 uf caps must be ceramic. 5. caps should have less than 5 nh of self inductance. 6. caps should have less than 0.2 esr. 7. nc pins should not be connected to any traces. 8. surface mount parts are recommended. 9. care must be taken when interfacing a 5v microcontroller to the ADNS-3090. serial port inputs on the sensor should be connected to open- drain outputs from the microcontroller or use an active drive level shifter. npd and reset should be connected to 5v microcontr oller outputs through a resistor divider or other level shifting technique. 10. vdd3 and gnd should have low impedance connections to the power supply. 11. capacitors connected to pin 15 and 17 should be connected to pin 16 and then to pin 19. ADNS-3090 usb mcu 0.1 f 14 10 vcc vpp 9 vss 4.7 f ceramic resonator avx kbr -24.0-msa murata csal24mox040 17 5 v dd led_ctrl surface internal image sensor adns 2120 lens hlmp-eg3e 24 mhz 8 10 osc_out osc_in 15 gnd 0.1 f 24 p0.5 3 p0.4 4 6 mosi reset p0.2 23 1.3 k 16 15 d - d + vreg 11 p1.7 p1.5 p1.4 z led 17 18 7 vcc d + d - gnd shld 240 6 mhz 12 13 xtalin xtalout (optional) 6 5 p1.2 p1.0 buttons l m qa qb vcc gnd v dd 19 16 gnd 1 k refb 14 p0.3 7 npd 4 p0.7 3 sclk 21 p0.6 2 miso 22 9 guard nc nc 11 18 20 p1.1 r notes: all capacitors close to chip 24 mhz and 6 mhz close to chip 20 k 20 k 1 ncs lp2950acz-3.3 31 2 vo vin gnd 4.7 f 0.1 f 0.1 f mmbt2222a 13 refc 2.2 f 187 1/8 w vo vo 3.3v 12 optp nc 20 10 k 10 k all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imag i ng inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
9 enabling the srom for best tracking performance,srom is required to be loaded into ADNS-3090. this architecture enables immediate adoption of new features and improved per- formance algorithms. the external program is supplied by pixart imaging as a fi le which may be burned into a programmable device. a micro-controller with suffi cient memory may be used. on power-up and reset, the ADNS-3090 program is downloaded into volatile memory using the burst-mode procedure described in the synchronous serial port section. the program size is 1986 x 8 bits. regulatory requirements ? passes fcc b and worldwide analogous emission limits when assembled into a mouse with shielded cable and following pixart imaging recommendations. ? passes iec-1000-4-3 radiated susceptibility level when assembled into a mouse with shielded cable and fol- lowing pixart imaging recommendations. ? passes en61000-4-4/iec801-4 eft tests when assem- bled into a mouse with shielded cable and following pixart imaging recommendations. ? ul fl ammability level ul94 v-0. ? provides suffi cient esd creepage/clearance distance to avoid discharge up to 15kv when assembled into a mouse according to usage instructions above. figure 9. distance from lens reference plane to surface sensor lens object surface 2.40 0.094 all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagi ng inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
10 absolute maximum ratings parameter symbol minimum typical maximum units notes storage temperature t s -40 85 o c operating temperature t a -15 55 o c lead solder temp 260 o c for 7 second, 1.6mm below seat- ing plane. supply voltage v dd3 -0.5 3.7 v esd 2 kv all pins, human body model mil 883 method 3015 input voltage v in -0.5 v dd3 +0.5 v npd, ncs, mosi, sclk, reset, osc_in, osc_out, refc. output current i out 20 ma led_ctrl, miso recommended operating conditions parameter symbol minimum typical maximum units notes operating temperature t a 04 0 c power supply voltage v dd3b 3.10 3.30 3.60 volts power supply rise time v rt 1 us 0 to 3.0v supply noise (sinusoidal) v nb 30 80 mv p-p 10khz- 300khz 300khz-50mhz oscillator capable frequency f clk 23 24 25 mhz set by ceramic resonator serial port clock frequency f sclk 2 500 mhz khz active drive, 50% duty cycle open drain drive with pull-ups on, 50 pf load resonator impedance x res 55 ? distance from lens reference plane to surface z 2.3 2.4 2.5 mm results in 0.2 mm dof, see figure 9 speed s 0 60 in/sec @ 6469fps acceleration a 20 g @ 6469fps light level onto ic irr inc 20 24 100 120 6,000 7,200 6,000 7,200 mw/m2 l = 639 nm, fr=1500 fps l = 875 nm, fr=1500 fps l = 639 nm, fr=6469 fps l = 875 nm, fr=6469 fps frame rate fr 2000 6469 frames/s see frame_period register section led drive current i led 10 ma hlmp-eg3e-xxxxx, bin n and brighter. maximum frame rate may not be maintained on dark surfaces at the minimum led drive current all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
11 ac electrical specifi cations electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions. typical values at 25 c, v dd3 =3.3v, fclk=24mhz. parameter symbol min. typical max. units notes vdd to reset t op 250 ?s from vdd = 3.0v to reset sampled data delay after reset t pu-reset 35 ms from reset falling edge to valid motion data at 2000 fps and shutter bound 8290. input delay after reset t in-rst 500 ?s from reset falling edge to inputs active (npd, mosi, ncs, sclk) power down t pd 2.1 ms from npd falling edge to initiate the power down cycle at 500fps (tpd = 1 frame period + 100ms ) wake from npd t pupd 75 ms from npd rising edge to valid motion data at 2000 fps and shutter bound 8290. max assumes surface change while npd is low. data delay after npd t compute 3.1 ms from npd rising edge to all registers contain data from new images at 2000fps (see figure 10) . reset pulse width t pw-reset 10 ?s miso rise time t r-miso 40 200 ns c l = 50pf miso fall time t f-miso 40 200 ns c l = 50pf miso delay aftersclk t dly-miso 120 ns from sclk falling edge to miso data valid, no load conditions miso hold time t hold-miso 250 ns data held until next falling sclk edge mosi hold time t hold-mosi 200 ns amount of time data is valid after sclk rising edge mosi setup time t setup-mosi 120 ns from data valid to sclk rising edge spi time between write commands t sww 50 ?s from rising sclk for last bit of the fi rst data byte, to rising sclk for last bit of the second data byte. spi time between write and read commands t swr 50 ?s from rising sclk for last bit of the fi rst data byte, to rising sclk for last bit of the second address byte. spi time between read and subsequent commands t srw t srr 250 ns from rising sclk for last bit of the fi rst data byte, to falling sclk for fi rst bit of the second address byte. spi read address-data delay t srad 50 ?s from rising sclk for last bit of the address byte, to falling sclk for fi rst bit of data being read. all registers except motion & motion_burst spi motion read address-data delay t srad-mot 75 ?s from rising sclk for last bit of the address byte, to falling sclk for fi rst bit of data being read. applies to 0x02 motion, and 0x50 motion_burst, registers ncs to sclk active t ncs-sclk 120 ns from ncs falling edge to fi rst sclk rising edge sclk to ncs inactive t sclk-ncs 120 ns from last sclk falling edge to ncs rising edge, for valid miso data transfer ncs to miso high-z t ncs-miso 250 ns from ncs rising edge to miso high-z state srom download and frame capture byte-to-byte delay t load 10 ?s (see figure 23 and 24) ncs to burst mode exit t bexit 4 ?s time ncs must be held high to exit burst mode transient supply current i ddt 85 ma max supply current during a v dd3 ramp from 0 to 3.6v all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagi ng inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
12 detail of npd rising edge timing figure 10. npd rising edge timing detail dc electrical specifi cations electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions. typical values at 25 c, v dd3 =3.3v, fclk=24mhz. parameter symbol minimum typical maximum units notes dc supply current i dd_avg 52 ma dc average at 6469 fps. no dc load on led_ctrl, miso. power down supply current i ddpd 590 ?a npd=gnd; sclk, mosi, ncs=gnd or v dd3 ; reset=gnd input low voltage v il 0.8 v sclk, mosi, npd, ncs, rese input high voltage v ih 0.7 * v dd3 v sclk, mosi, npd, ncs, reset input hysteresis v i_hys 200 mv sclk, mosi, npd, ncs, reset input current, pull-up disabled i ih_dpu 0 10 ?a vin=0.8*v dd3 , sclk, mosi, ncs input current, cmos inputs i ih 0 10 ?a npd, reset, vin=0.8*v dd3 output current, pulled-up inputs i oh_pu 150 300 600 ?a vin=0.2v, sclk, mosi, ncs output low voltage led_ctrl v ol,led 0.5 v iout=2ma, led_ctrl output high voltage, led_ctrl v oh_led 0.8*v dd3 v iout=-2ma, led_ctrl output low voltage, miso v ol 0.5 v iout=2ma, miso output high voltage, miso v oh 0.8*v dd3 v iout=-2ma, miso input capacitance c in 14-22 pf osc_in, osc_out led current (shutter mode) oscillator start npd 250 s reset count 340 s sclk optional spi transactions with old image data 590 s t compute = 590 s + 5 frame periods motion bit set if motion was detected. first read dx = dy = 0 frame 2 frame 3 frame 4 frame 5 frame 1 all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagi ng inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
13 figure 12. average error vs. distance (mm) typical performance characteristics figure 11. mean resolution vs. z (white paper) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 1.6 resolution (counts per inch, cpi) distance fro m lens reference plane to navigation surface, z ( mm ) resolution vs. z straight line at 45deg, path length = 4inches, speed = 6ips, resolution = 3500cpi white paper manila white for m ica black for m ica spruce wood 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 2.5 2.0 3.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 maxi m u m deviation ( m ouse counts) distance fro m lens reference plane to navigation surface, z ( mm ) typical path deviation largest single perpendicular deviation fro m a staright line at 45deg, path length = 4inches, speed = 6ips, resolution = 3500cpi white paper manila white for m ica black for m ica spruce wood all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagi ng inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
14 figure 14. idd vs. frame rate figure 13. relative responsivity 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 wavelength (nm) relative responsivity average supply current vs frame rate vdd=3.6v 72% 88% 100% 51% 55% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 frame rate (hz) relative current all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
15 synchronous serial port the synchronous serial port is used to set and read pa- rameters in the ADNS-3090, and to read out the motion information. the serial port is also used to load srom data into the ADNS-3090. the port is a four-wire, serial port. the host micro-con- troller always initiates communication; the ADNS-3090 never initiates data transfers. the serial port cannot be activated while the chip is in power down mode (npd low) or reset (reset high). sclk, mosi, and ncs may be driven directly by a 3.3v output from a micro-controller, or they may be placed in an open drain confi guration by enabling on-chip pull-up current sources. the open drain drive allows the use of a 5v micro-controller without any level shifting components. the port pins may be shared with other spi slave devices. when the ncs pin is high, the inputs are ignored and the output is tri-stated. the lines which comprise the spi port are: sclk: clock input. it is always generated by the master (the micro- controller). mosi: input data (master out/slave in). miso: output data (master in/slave out). ncs: chip select input (active low). ncs needs to be low to activate the serial port; otherwise, miso will be high-z, and mosi & sclk will be ignored. ncs can also be used to reset the serial port in case of an error. chip select operation the serial port is activated after ncs goes low. if ncs is raised during a transaction, the entire transaction is aborted and the serial port will be reset. this is true for all transactions including srom download. after a transaction is aborted, the normal address-to-data or transaction-to-transaction delay is still required before beginning the next transaction. to improve communica- tion reliability, all serial transactions should be framed by ncs. in other words, the port should not remain enabled during periods of non-use because esd and eft/b events could be interpreted as serial communication and put the chip into an unknown state. in addition, ncs must be raised after each burst-mode transaction is complete to terminate burst-mode. the port is not available for further use until burst-mode is terminated. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
16 figure 17. read operation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 a 6 a 5 a 4 a 3 a 2 a 1 a 0 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 d 6 d 5 d 4 d 3 d 2 d 1 d 0 d 7 t srad delay sclk cycle # sclk mosi miso ncs figure 15. mosi setup and hold time write operation write operation, defi ned as data going from the micro- controller to the ADNS-3090, is always initiated by the micro-controller and consists of two bytes. the fi rst byte contains the address (seven bits) and has a 1 as its msb to indicate data direction. the second byte contains the data. the ADNS-3090 reads mosi on rising edges of sclk. figure 18. miso delay and hold time read operation a read operation, defined as data going from the ADNS-3090 to the micro-controller, is always initiated by the micro-controller and consists of two bytes. the fi rst byte contains the address, is sent by the micro- controller over mosi, and has a 0 as its msb to indicate data direction. the second byte contains the data and is driven by the ADNS-3090 over miso. the sensor outputs miso bits on falling edges of sclk and samples mosi bits on every rising edge of sclk. note: the 250 ns minimum high state of sclk is also the minimum miso data hold time of the ADNS-3090. since the falling edge of sclk is actually the start of the next read or write command, the ADNS-3090 will hold the state of data on miso until the falling edge of sclk. sclk mosi t setup, mosi t hold,mosi a 6 a 5 a 2 a 3 a 4 a 0 a 1 d 7 d 4 d 5 d 6 d 0 d 1 d 2 d 3 15 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 2 3 4 5 6 1 1 1 1 a 6 2 sclk mosi ncs miso mosi driven by micro-controller sclk miso d 0 t hold-miso t dly-miso figure 16. write operation all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
17 required timing between read and write commands (tsxx) there are minimum timing requirements between read and write commands on the serial port. figure 19. timing between two write commands if the rising edge of the sclk for the last data bit of the second write command occurs before the 50 microsecond required delay, then the fi rst write command may not complete correctly. figure 20. timing between write and read commands if the rising edge of sclk for the last address bit of the read command occurs before the 50 microsecond required delay, the write command may not complete correctly. figure 21. timing between read and either write or subsequent read commands the falling edge of sclk for the fi rst address bit of either the read or write command must be at least 250 ns after the last sclk rising edge of the last data bit of the previous read operation. in addition, during a read operation sclk should be delayed after the last address bit to ensure that the ADNS-3090 has time to prepare the requested data. sclk address data t sww 50 s write operation address data write operation address data write operation address next read operation sclk t swr 50 s t srad 50 s for non-motion read t srad-mot 75 s for register 0x02 t srw & t srr > 250 ns next read or write operation data read operation address address sclk all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
18 burst mode operation burst mode is a special serial port operation mode which may be used to reduce the serial transaction time for three predefi ned operations: motion read and srom download and frame capture. the speed improvement is achieved by continuous data clocking to or from multiple registers without the need to specify the register address, and by not requiring the normal delay period between data bytes. figure 22. motion burst timing motion_burst register address read first byte first read operation read second byte sclk t srad-mot 75 s read third byte motion read this mode is activated by reading the motion_burst register. the ADNS-3090 will respond with the contents of the motion, delta_x, delta_y, squal, shutter_upper, shutter_lower and maximum_pixel registers in that order. after sending the register address, the micro- controller must wait t srad-mot and then begin reading data. all 56 data bits can be read with no delay between bytes by driving sclk at the normal rate. the data are latched into the output buff er after the last address bit is received. after the burst transmission is complete, the micro-controller must raise the ncs line for at least t bexit to terminate burst mode. the serial port is not available for use until it is reset with ncs, even for a second burst transmission. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
19 srom download this function is used to load the pixart imaging supplied fi rmware fi le contents into the ADNS-3090. the fi rmware fi le is an ascii text fi le with each 2-character byte (hexadecimal representation) on a single line. this mode is activated by the following steps: 1. perform hardware reset by toggling the reset pin 2. write 0x44 to register 0x20 3. write 0x07 to register 0x23 4. write 0x88 to register 0x24 5. wait at least 1 frame period 6. write 0x18 to register 0x14 (srom_enable register) 7. begin burst mode write of data fi le to register 0x60 (srom_load register) after the fi rst data byte is complete, the srom or micro- controller must write subsequent bytes by presenting the data on the mosi line and driving sclk at the normal rate. a delay of at least t load must exist between data figure 23. srom download burst mode bytes as shown. after the download is complete, the micro-controller must raise the ncs line for at least t bexit to terminate burst mode. the serial port is not available for use until it is reset with ncs, even for a second burst transmission. pixart imaging recommends reading the srom_id register to verify that the download was successful. in addition, a self-test may be executed, which performs a crc on the srom contents and reports the results in a register. the test is initiated by writing a particular value to the srom_enable register; the result is placed in the data_out register. see those register descriptions for more details. pixart imaging provides the data fi le for download; the fi le size is 1986 data bytes. the chip will ignore any additional bytes written to the srom_load register after the srom fi le. ncs address key data address byte 0 mosi sclk t ncs -sclk srom_enable reg write srom_load reg write exit burst mode enter burst mode 4s t load t load byte 1 byte 1985 t bexit >120ns address soonest to read srom_id 3 reg writes, see text 1 frame period 40s 10s 10s 10s 100 s all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i nc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
20 frame capture this is a fast way to download a full array of pixel values from a single frame. this mode disables navigation and overwrites any downloaded fi rmware. a hardware reset is required to restore navigation, and the fi rmware must be reloaded afterwards if required. to trigger the capture, write to the frame_capture register. the next available complete 1 2/3 frames (1536 values) will be stored to memory. the data are is retrieved by reading the pixel_burst register once using the normal read method, after which the remaining bytes are clocked out by driving sclk at the normal rate. the byte time must be at least t load . if the pixel_ burst register is read before the data is ready, it will return all zeros. to read a single frame, read a total of 900 bytes. the next 636 bytes will be approximately 2/3 of the next frame. the fi rst pixel of the fi rst frame (1st read) has bit 6 set to 1 as a start-of-frame marker. the fi rst pixel of the second partial frame (901st read) will also have bit 6 set to 1. all other bytes have bit 6 set to zero. the msb of all bytes is set to 1. if the pixel_burst register is read past the end of the data (1537 reads and on) , the data returned will be zeros. after the download is complete, the micro-controller must raise the ncs line for at least t bexit to terminate burst mode. the read may be aborted at any time by raising ncs. alternatively, the frame data can also be read one byte at a time from the frame_capture register. see the register description for more information. figure 24. frame capture burst mode timing ncs address data address address mosi sclk p0 p1 p899 miso t ncs-sclk >120ns frame capture reg write enter burst mode t capture t load notes: 1. msb = 1 for all bytes. bit 6 = 0 for all bytes except pixel 0 of both frames which has bit 6 = 1 for use as a frame marker . 2. reading beyond pixel 899 will return the first pixel of the second partial frame. 3. t capture 10s + 3 frame periods. 4. this figure illustrates reading a single complete frame of 900 pi xels. an additional 636 pixels from the next frame are avai lable. t load t srad pixel dump reg read p0 bit 6 set to 1 all msb = 1 see note 2 soonest to begin again frame capture reg exit burst mode t bexit 10s 10s 50s 4s 10s all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging in c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
21 figure 25. pixel address map (surface referenced) the pixel output order as related to the surface is shown below. cable rb lb top xray view of mouse positive x positive y 899 898 897 896 895 894 893 892 891 890 889 888 887 886 885 884 883 882 881 880 879 878 877 876 875 874 873 872 871 870 869 868 867 866 865 864 863 862 861 860 859 858 857 856 855 854 853 852 851 850 849 848 847 846 845 844 843 842 841 840 839 838 etc. ~~~ 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 expanded view of the surface as viewed through the lens last output first output ~~~ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 error detection and recovery 1. the ADNS-3090 and the micro-controller might get out of synchronization due to esd events, power supply droops or micro-controller fi rmware fl aws. in such a case, the micro-controller should pulse ncs high for at least 1 ms. the ADNS-3090 will reset the serial port (but not the control registers) and will be prepared for the beginning of a new transmission after the normal transaction delay. 2. invalid addresses: writing to an invalid address will have no eff ect. reading from an invalid address will return all zeros. 3. termination of a transmission by the micro-controller may sometimes be required (for example, due to a usb suspend interrupt during a read operation). to accomplish this the micro-controller should raise ncs. the ADNS-3090 will not write to any register and will reset the serial port (but not the control registers) and be prepared for the beginning of future transmissions after ncs goes low. the normal delays between reads or writes (t sww , t swr , t srad , t srad-mot ) are still required after aborted transmissions. 4. the micro-controller can verify success of write opera- tions by issuing a read command to the same address and comparing written data to read data. 5. the micro-controller can verify the synchronization of the serial port by periodically reading the product id and inverse product id registers. 6. the microcontroller can read the srom_id register to verify that the sensor is running downloaded srom code. esd or similar noise events may cause the sensor to revert to native rom execution. if this should hap- pen, pulse reset and reload the srom instructions. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagi ng inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
22 notes on power-up and the serial port reset circuit the ADNS-3090 does not perform an internal power up self-reset. the reset pin must be raised and lowered to reset the chip. this should be done every time power is applied. during power-up there will be a period of time after the power supply is high but before any clocks are available. the table below shows the state of the various pins during power-up and reset when the reset pin is driven high by a micro-controller. power down circuit the following table lists the pin states during power down. the chip is put into the power down (pd) mode by lowering the npd input. when in pd mode, the oscilla- tor is stopped but all register contents are retained. to achieve the lowest current state, all inputs must be held externally within 200mv of a rail, either ground or v dd3 . the chip outputs are driven low or hi-z during pd to prevent current consumption by an external load. led drive mode the led has 2 modes of operation: dc and shutter. in dc mode it is on at all times the chip is powered except when in the power down mode via the npd pin. in shutter mode the led is on only during the portion of the frame that light is required. the led_mode bit in the confi guration_bits register sets the led mode. state of signal pins after vdd is valid pin before reset during reset after reset spi pullups undefi ned off on (default) ncs hi-z control functional hi-z control functional functional miso driven or hi-z (per ncs) driven or hi-z (per ncs) low or hi-z (per ncs) sclk undefi ned ignored functional mosi undefi ned ignored functional led_ctrl undefi ned low high reset functional high (externally driven) functional npd undefi ned ignored functional state of signal pins during power down pin npd low after wake from pd spi pullups off pre-pd state ncs hi-z control functional functional miso low or hi-z (per ncs) pre-pd state or hi-z sclk ignored functional mosi ignored functional led_ctrl low high reset functional functional npd low (driven externally) functional refc v dd3 refc osc_in low osc_in osc_out high osc_out all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagi ng inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
23 registers the ADNS-3090 registers are accessible via the serial port. the registers are used to read motion data and status as well as to set the device confi guration. address register read/write srom default value 0x00 product_id r 0x07 0x01 revision_id r 0xnn 0x02 motion r 0x00 0x03 delta_x r 0x00 0x04 delta_y r 0x00 0x05 squal r 0x00 0x06 pixel_sum r 0x00 0x07 maximum_pixel r 0x00 0x08 reserved 0x09 reserved 0x0a confi guration_bits r/w 0x09 0x0b extended_confi g r/w 0x00 0x0c data_out_lower r any 0x0d data_out_upper r any 0x0e shutter_lower r 0x85 0x0f shutter_upper r 0x00 0x10 frame_period_lower r any 0x11 frame_period_upper r any 0x12 motion_clear w any 0x13 frame_capture r/w 0x00 0x14 srom_enable w 0x00 0x15 - 0x18 reserved 0x19 frame_period_max_bound lower r/w 0xe0 0x1a frame_period_max_bound_upper r/w 0x2e 0x1b frame_period_min_bound_lower r/w 0x7e 0x1c frame_period_min_bound_upper r/w 0x0e 0x1d shutter_max_bound_lower r/w 0x00 0x1e shutter_max_bound_upper r/w 0x20 0x1f srom_id r 0x00 0x20-0x3c reserved 0x3d observation r/w 0x00 0x3e reserved 0x3f inverse product id r 0xf8 0x40 pixel_burst r 0x00 0x50 motion_burst r 0x00 0x60 srom_load w any all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
24 product_id address: 0x00 access: read reset value: 0x07 bit76543210 field rid 7 rid 6 rid 5 rid 4 rid 3 rid 2 rid 1 rid 0 data type: 8-bit unsigned integer. usage: this register contains the ic revision. it is subject to change when new ic versions are released. note: the downloaded srom fi rmware revision is a separate value and is available in the srom_id register. motion address: 0x02 access: read reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field mot reserved reserved ovf reserved reserved reserved res data type: bit fi eld. usage: register 0x02 allows the user to determine if motion has occurred since the last time it was read. if so, then the user should read registers 0x03 and 0x04 to get the accumulated motion. it also tells if the motion buff ers have overfl owed, and the current resolution setting. field name description mot motion since last report or pd 0 = no motion 1 = motion occurred, data ready for reading in delta_x and delta_y registers ovf motion overfl ow, delta_y and/or delta_x buff er has overfl owed since last report 0 = no overfl ow 1 = overfl ow has occurred res resolution in counts per inch 0 = 3500 1 = 1800 all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e- mail : fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}? bit76543210 field pid 7 pid 6 pid 5 pid 4 pid 3 pid 2 pid 1 pid 0 data type: 8-bit unsigned integer usage: this register contains a unique identifi cation assigned to the ADNS-3090. the value in this register does not change; it can be used to verify that the serial communications link is functional. revision_id address: 0x01 access: read reset value: 0xnn
25 notes for motion: 1. reading this register freezes the delta_x and delta_y register values. read this register before reading the delta_x and de lta_y registers. if delta_x and delta_y are not read before the motion register is read a second time, the data in delta_x and delta_y will be lost . 2. pixart imaging recommends that registers 0x02, 0x03 and 0x04 be read sequentially. see motion burst mode also. 3. internal buff ers can accumulate more than eight bits of motion for x or y. if either one of the internal buff ers overfl ows, then absolute path data is lost and the ovf bit is set. this bit is cleared once some motion has been read from the delta_x and delta_y registers, and if the buff ers are not at full scale. since more data is present in the buff ers, the cycle of reading the motion, delta_x and delta_y registers should be repeated until the motion bit (mot) is cleared. until mot is cleared, either the delta_x or delta_y registers will read either positive or negative full scale. if the motion register has not been read for long time, at 1800 cpi it may take up to 72 read cycles to clear the buff ers, at 3 6 00 cpi, up to 140 cycles. alternatively, writing to the motion_clear register (register 0x12) will clear all stored motion at once. delta_x address: 0x03 access: read reset value: 0x00 bit76543210 field x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 x 0 data type: eight bit 2s complement number. usage: x movement is counts since last report. absolute value is determined by resolution. reading clears the register. delta_y address: 0x04 access: read reset value: 0x00 bit76 543210 field y 7 y 6 y 5 y 4 y 3 y 2 y 1 y 0 data type: eight bit 2s complement number. usage: y movement is counts since last report. absolute value is determined by resolution. reading clears the register. 00 01 02 7e 7f +127 +126 +1 +2 fffe 8180 0 -1-2 -127-128 motion delta_x 00 01 02 7e 7f +127 +126 +1 +2 fffe 8180 0 -1-2 -127-128 motion delta_y all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging in c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
26 squal address: 0x05 access: read reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field sq 7 sq 6 sq 5 sq 4 sq 3 sq 2 sq 1 sq 0 data type: upper 8 bits of a 10-bit unsigned integer. usage: squal (surface quality) is a measure of ? of the number of valid* features visible by the sensor in the current frame. use the following formula to fi nd the total number of valid features. number of features = squal register value *4 the maximum squal register value is 169. since small changes in the current frame can result in changes in squal, variations in squal when looking at a surface are expected. the graph below shows 250 sequentially acquired squal values, while a sensor was moved slowly over white paper. squal is nearly equal to zero, if there is no surface below the sensor. squal is typically maximized when the navigation surface is at the optimum distance from the imaging lens (the nominal z-height). figure 26. squal values (white paper) squal values (white paper) z =2.4mm, circle@7.5" diameter, speed = 6ips 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 101 201 301 401 501 601 701 counts squal value (count) squal vs z (white paper) resolution = 3500cpi, circle@7.5" diameter, speed = 6ips 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 distance from lens reference plane to navigation surface, z ( mm) squal (count) avg-3sigma avg avg+3sigma figure 27. mean squal vs. z (white paper) all righ ts strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i n c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
27 pixel_sum address: 0x06 access: read reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field ap 7 ap 6 ap 5 ap 4 ap 3 ap 2 ap 1 ap 0 data type: high 8 bits of an unsigned 16-bit integer. usage: this register is used to fi nd the average pixel value. it reports the upper byte of a 16-bit counter which sums all 900 pixels in the current frame. it may be described as the full sum divided by 256. to fi nd the average pixel value, use the following formula: average pixel = register value * 256 / 900 = register value/3.51 the maximum register value is 221 (63 * 900/256 truncated to an integer). the minimum is 0. the pixel sum value can change on every frame. maximum_pixel address: 0x07 access: read reset value: 0x00 bit76543210 field 0 0 mp 5 mp 4 mp 3 mp 2 mp 1 mp 0 data type: six bit number. usage: maximum pixel value in current frame. minimum value = 0, maximum value = 63. the maximum pixel value can vary with every frame. reserved address: 0x08 reserved address: 0x09 all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i n c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
28 confi guration_bits address: 0x0a access: read/write reset value: 0x09 bit76 543210 field 0 led_mode sys test res reserved reserved reserved reserved data type: bit fi eld usage: register 0x0a allows the user to change the confi guration of the sensor. shown below are the bits, their default values, and optional values. field name description bit 7 must always be zero led_mode led shutter mode 0 = shutter mode off (led always on) 1 = shutter mode on (led only on when illumination is required) sys test system tests 0 = no tests 1 = perform all system tests, output 16 bit crc via data_out_upper and data_out_lower registers. note: the test will fail if srom is loaded. perform a hardware reset before executing this test. reload srom after the test is completed. note: since part of the system test is a ram test, the ram and sram will be overwritten with the default values when the test is done. if any confi guration changes from the default are needed for operation, make the changes after the system test is run. the system test takes 200ms (@24mhz) to complete. note: do not access the synchronous serial port during system test. res resolution in counts per inch 0 = 3500 1 = 1800 all righ ts strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i n c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
29 extended_confi g address: 0x0b access: read/write reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field busy reserved reserved reserved reserved serial_npu nagc fixed_fr data type: bit fi eld usage: register 0x0b allows the user to change the confi guration of the sensor. shown below are the bits, their default values, and optional values. field name description busy read-only bit. indicates if it is safe to write to one or more of the following registers: frame_period_max_bound_upper and lower frame_period_min_bound_upper and lower shutter_max_bound_upper and lower after writing to the frame_period_max_bound_upper register, at least two frames must pass before writing again to any of the above registers. this bit may be used in lieu of a timer since the actual frame rate may not be known when running in auto mode. 0 = writing to the registers is allowed 1 = do not write to the registers yet serial_npu disable serial port pull-up current sources 0 = no, current sources are on 1 = yes, current sources are off nagc disable agc. shutter will be set to the value in the shutter_max_bound registers. 0 = no, agc is active 1 = yes, agc is disabled fixed_fr fixed frame rate (disable automatic frame rate control). when this bit is set, the frame rate will be determined by the value in the frame_period_max_bound registers. 0 = automatic frame rate 1 = fi xed frame rate pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}? all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagin g inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw
30 data_out_lower address: 0x0c access: read reset value: undefi ned bit76543210 field do 7 do 6 do 5 do 4 do 3 do 2 do 1 do 0 data_out_upper address: 0x0d access: read reset value: undefi ned bit7654321 0 field do 15 do 14 do 13 do 12 do 11 do 10 do 9 do 8 data type: sixteen bit word. usage: data in these registers come from the system self test or the srom crc test. the data can be read out 0x0d, or 0x0d fi rst, then 0x0c. data_out_upper data_out_lower system test results: 0x1b 0xbf srom crc test result: 0xbe 0xef system test: this test is initiated via the confi guration_bits register. it performs sev eral tests to verify that the hardware is functioning correctly. perform a hardware reset just prior to running the test. srom contents and register settings will be lost. srom crc test: performs a crc on the srom contents. the test is initiated by writing a particular value to the srom_ enable register. shutter_lower address: 0x0e access: read reset value: 0x85 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field s 7 s 6 s 5 s 4 s 3 s 2 s 1 s 0 all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging in c . e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
31 figure 28. shutter value (white paper) shutter_upper address: 0x0f access: read reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field s 15 s 14 s 13 s 12 s 11 s 10 s 9 s 8 data type: sixteen bit unsigned integer. usage: units are clock cycles. read shutter_upper fi rst, then shutter_lower. they should be read consecutively. the shutter is adjusted to keep the average and maximum pixel values within normal operating ranges. the shutter value is checked and automatically adjusted to a new value if needed on every frame when operating in default mode. when the shutter adjusts, it changes by 1/16 of the current value. the shutter value can be set manually by setting the agc mode to disable using the extended_confi g register and writing to the shutter_maximum_bound registers. because the automatic frame rate feature is related to shutt er value. it may also be appropriate to enable the fixed frame rate mode using the extended_confi g register. shown below is a graph of 800 sequentially acquired shutter values, while the sensor was moved slowly over white paper. shutter vs z (white paper) resolution = 3500cpi, circle@7.5" diameter, speed = 6ips 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 distance from lens reference plane to navigation surface, z ( mm) shutter (count) avg-3sigma avg avg+3sigma figure 29. mean shutter vs. z (white paper) the maximum value of the shutter is dependent upon the setting in the shutter_max_bound_upper and shutter_ max_bound_lower registers. shutter values (white paper) z =2.4mm, circle@7.5" diameter, speed = 6ips 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 101 201 301 401 501 601 701 counts shutter value (count) all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imagi ng inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
32 frame_period_lower address: 0x10 access: read reset value: undefi ned bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field fp 7 fp 6 fp 5 fp 4 fp 3 fp 2 fp 1 fp 0 frame_period_upper address: 0x11 access: read reset value: undefi ned bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field fp 15 fp 14 fp 13 fp 12 fp 11 fp 10 fp 9 fp 8 data type: sixteen bit unsigned integer. usage: read these registers to determine the current frame period and to calculate the frame rate. units are clock cycles. the formula is frame rate = clock frequency/register value to read from the registers, read frame_period_upper fi rst followed by frame_period lower. to set the frame rate manually, disable automatic frame rate mode via the extended_confi g register and write the desired count value to the frame_period_maximum_bound registers. the following table lists some frame_period values for popular frame rates with a 24mhz clock. frames/second counts frame_period decimal hex upper lower 6469 3,710 oe7e oe 7e 5000 4,800 12c0 12 c0 3000 8,000 1f40 1f 40 2000 12,000 2ee0 2e e0 motion_clear address: 0x12 access: write reset value: undefi ned data type: any. usage: writing any value to this register will cause the delta_x, delta_y, and internal motion registers to be cleared. use this as a fast way to reset the motion counters to zero without resetting the entire chip. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i n c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
33 frame_capture address: 0x13 access: read/write reset value: 0x00 bit7654321 0 field fc 7 fc 6 fc 5 fc 4 fc 3 fc 2 fc 1 fc 0 data type: bit fi eld usage: writing 0x83 to this register will cause the next available complete 1 2/3 frames of pixel values to be stored to srom ram. writing to this register is required before using the frame capture burst mode to read the pixel values (see the synchronous serial port section for more details). writing to this register will stop navigation and cause any fi rmware loaded in the srom to be overwritten. a hardware reset is required to restore navigation, and the fi rmware must be reloaded using the srom download burst method. this register can also be used to read the frame capture data. the same data available by reading the pixel_burst register using burst mode is available by reading this register in the normal fashion. the data pointer is automatically incremented after each read so all 1536 pixel values (1 and 2/3 frames) may be obtained by reading this register 1536 times in a row. both methods share the same pointer such that reading pixel values from this register will increment the pointer causing subsequent reads from the pixel_burst register (without initiating a new frame dump) to start at the current pointer location. this register will return all zeros if read before the frame capture data is ready. see the frame capture description in the synchronous serial port section for more information. this register will not retain the last value written. reads will return zero or frame capture data. srom_enable address: 0x14 access: write reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field se 7 se 6 se 5 se 4 se 3 se 2 se 1 se 0 data type: 8-bit number. usage: write to this register to start either srom download or srom crc test. write 0x18 to this register before downloading srom fi rmware to the srom_load register. the download will not be successful unless this register contains the correct value. write 0xa1 to start the srom crc test. wait 7ms plus one frame period , then read result from the data_out_lower and data_out_upper registers. navigation is halted and the spi port should not be used during this test. reserved address: 0x15 C 0x18 all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i n c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
34 frame_period_max_bound_lower address: 0x19 access: read/write reset value: 0xe0 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field fbm 7 fbm 6 fbm 5 fbm 4 fbm 3 fbm 2 fbm 1 fbm 0 frame_period_max_bound_upper address: 0x1a access: read/write reset value: 0x2e bit7654321 0 field fbm 15 fbm 14 fbm 13 fbm 12 fbm 11 fbm 10 fbm 9 fbm 8 data type: 16-bit unsigned integer. usage: this value sets the maximum frame period (the minimum frame rate) which may be selected by the automatic frame rate control, or sets the actual frame period when operating in manual mode. units are clock cycles. the formula is frame rate = clock frequency / register value to read from the registers, read upper fi rst followed by lower. to write to the registers, write lower fi rst, followed by upper. to set the frame rate manually, disable automatic frame rate mode via the extended_confi g register and write the desired count value to these registers. writing to the frame_period_max_bound_upper and lower registers also activates any new values in the following registers: ? frame_period_max_bound_upper and lower ? frame_period_min_bound_upper and lower ? shutter_max_bound_upper and lower any data written to these registers will be saved but will not take eff ect until the write to the frame_period_max_ bound_upper and lower is complete. after writing to this register, two complete frame times are required to implement the new settings. writing to any of the above registers before the implementation is complete may put the chip into an undefi ned state requiring a reset. the busy bit in the extended_confi g register may be used in lieu of a timer to determine when it is safe to write. see the extended_confi g register for more details. the following table lists some frame_period values for popular frame rates (clock rate = 24mhz). in addition, the three bound registers must also follow this rule when set to non-default values: frame_period_max_bound frame_period_min_bound + shutter_max_bound. all rig hts strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i n c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
35 frame_period_min_bound_lower address: 0x1b access: read/write reset value: 0xac (before srom download) 0x7e (after srom download) bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field fbm 7 fbm 6 fbm 5 fbm 4 fbm 3 fbm 2 fbm 1 fbm 0 frame_period_min_bound_upper address: 0x1c access: read/write reset value: 0x0d (before srom download) 0x0e (after srom download) bit7654321 0 field fbm 15 fbm 14 fbm 13 fbm 12 fbm 11 fbm 10 fbm 9 fbm 8 data type: 16-bit unsigned integer. usage: this value sets the minimum frame period (the maximum frame rate) that may be selected by the automatic frame rate control. units are clock cycles. the formula is frame rate = clock rate / register value to read from the registers, read upper fi rst followed by lower. to write to the registers, write lower fi rst, followed by upper, then execute a write to the frame_period_max_bound_upper and lower registers. the minimum allowed write value is 0x7e0e; the maximum is 0xffff. reading this register will return the most recent value that was written to it. however, the value will take eff ect only after a write to the frame_period_max_bound_upper and lower registers. after writing to frame_period_max_ bound_upper, wait at least two frame times before writing to frame_period_min_bound_upper or lower again. the busy bit in the extended_confi g register may be used in lieu of a timer to determine when it is safe to write. see the extended_confi g register for more details. in addition, the three bound registers must also follow this rule when set to non-default values: frame_period_max_bound frame_period_min_bound + shutter_max_bound. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging i n c. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
36 shutter_max_bound_lower address: 0x1d access: read/write reset value: 0x8c (before srom download) 0x00 (after srom download) bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field sb 7 sb 6 sb 5 sb 4 sb 3 sb 2 sb 1 sb 0 shutter_max_bound_upper address: 0x1e access: read/write reset value: 0x20 bit76543210 field sb 15 sb 14 sb 13 sb 12 sb 11 sb 10 sb 9 sb 8 data type: 16-bit unsigned integer. usage: this value sets the maximum allowable shutter value when operating in automatic mode. units are clock cycles. since the automatic frame rate function is based on shutter value, the value in these registers can limit the range of the frame rate control. to read from the registers, read upper fi rst followed by lower. to write to the registers, write lower fi rst, followed by upper, then execute a write to the frame_period_max_bound_upper and lower registers. to set the shutter manually, disable the agc via the extended_confi g register and write the desired value to these registers. reading this register will return the most recent value that was written to it. however, the value will take eff ect only after a write to the frame_period_max_bound_upper and low er registers. after writing to frame_period_max_bound_ upper, wait at least two frame times before writing to shutter_max_bound_upper or lower again. the busy bit in the extended_confi g register may be used in lieu of a timer to determine when it is safe to write. see the extended_confi g register for more details. in addition, the three bound registers must also follow this rule when set to non-default values: frame_period_max_bound frame_period_min_bound + shutter_max_bound. srom_id address: 0x1f access: read reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field sr 7 sr 6 sr 5 sr 4 sr 3 sr 2 sr 1 sr 0 data type:8-bit unsigned integer. usage: contains the revision of the downloaded shadow rom fi rmware. if the fi rmware has been successfully down- loaded and the chip is operating out of srom, this register will contain the srom fi rmware revision, otherwise it will contain 0x00. note: the ic hardware revision is available by reading the revision_id register (register 0x01). reserved address: 0x20 C 0x3c pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
37 observation address: 0x3d access: read/write reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field ob 7 reserved ob 5 reserved reserved reserved ob 1 ob 0 data type: bit fi eld usage: each bit is set by some process or action at regular intervals, or when the event occurs. the user must clear the register by writing 0x00, wait an appropriate delay, and read the register. the active processes will have set their cor- responding bit(s). this register may be used as part of a recovery scheme to detect a problem caused by eft/b or esd. field name description ob7 0 = chip is not running srom code 1 = chip is running srom code reserved reserved ob5 npd pulse was detected reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved ob1 set once per frame ob0 set once per frame reserved address: 0x3e inverse_product_id address: 0x3f access: read reset value: 0xf8 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field npid 7 npid 6 npid 5 npid 4 npid 3 npid 2 npid 1 npid 0 data type: inverse 8-bit unsigned integer usage: this value is the inverse of the product_id, located at the inverse address. it can be used to test the spi port. pixel_burst address: 0x40 access: read reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field pb 7 pb 6 pb 5 pb 4 pb 3 pb 2 pb 1 pb 0 data type: eight bit unsigned integer usage: the pixel_burst register is used for high-speed access to all the pixel values from one and 2/3 complete frame. see the synchronous serial port section for use details. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart i mag ing inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?
motion_burst address: 0x50 access: read reset value: 0x00 bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 field mb 7 mb 6 mb 5 mb 4 mb 3 mb 2 mb 1 mb 0 data type: various, depending on data usage: the motion_burst register is used for high-speed access to the motion, delta_x, and delta_y, squal, shutter_ upper, and shutter_lower and maximum_pixel registers. see the synchronous serial port section for use details. srom_load address: 0x 60 access: write rset value: n/a data type: eight bit unsigned integer usage: the srom_load register is used for high-speed programming of the ADNS-3090 from an external srom or microcontroller. see the synchronous serial port section for use details. all rights strictly reserved any portion in this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or transformed to any other forms without permission. pixart imaging inc. e-mail: fae_service@pixart.com.tw pix a rt imaging inc. e^r??,]pzrw?(}?uvk??]od}?^v?}?

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